环境诉讼程序特殊规则构建之路径分析——以环境司法专门化为视角

环境案件的特质要求环境司法必须专门化,目前中国环保法庭的设立已经基本解决了环境案件"到哪里诉"的问题,环境司法专门化的当务之急是解决"怎么诉"的问题,即环境司法专门化需要行之有效的特殊诉讼规则支撑。在"司法先行,立法跟进"的立法模式下,环境司法应强化探知主义诉讼模式、更新审判模式,在确立举证责任有限倒置原则和推行环保禁令的基础上,将环境私益诉讼和环境公益诉讼有序衔接。

Study on the Special Rules of Environmental Lawsuit from the Perspective of Environmental Justice Specialization

The nature of environmental cases requires justice specialization. The establishment of environmental courts has basically solved the problem of "where" the environmental cases should be tried. For environmental justice, it is imperative to solve the problem of "how" the environmental cases should be tried. Therefore, environmental justice requires specialized and effective rules. Under the legislative model of "legislative following judicial", discovery doctrine lawsuit mode should be strengthened and trial mode should be updated. On the basis of establishing special burden of proof and promoting environmental injunction, orderly cohesion of the private and public interest lawsuit of environment is the best choice.