镶嵌型的公共宗教——传统中国的政教关系之社会学解读

从“文化”而伦理,从“伦理”而结构,这是当代中国宗教研究范式的三段式演进。中国宗教社会学的研究,应当把宗教置于国家与社会的架构之中,是宗教的社会学研究与社会学的宗教研究的结合。传统中国的一个重要历史特征为世俗权力与精神权利的模糊界限与紧张关系,具体表现为中国古代的公共崇拜与私人信仰的彼此渗透。为此,中国宗教社会学的研究首先是要研究宗教所镶嵌在其中的社会关系和政教关系,以能深入中国宗教、信仰的内在脉络。

An Inlaid Relationship Between Religion and Society——The Elementary Question of Chinese Religious Sociology

The study of contemporary religion in China follows"three phases": from "culture" through "ethics" to "structure".It is necessary to put religion into the frame of the state and society,and integrate the sociological study of religion with the religious study of sociology.Characteristics of the historical trait of traditional China,the relationship between the power of social conventions and the spiritual rights is ambiguous and intensive,embodying the infiltration into each other of public worship and personal faith.Therefore,for the study of Chinese religious sociology,it is the top task to make an approach to the inlaid relationship between the religion and society so as to understand the intrinsic quality of Chinese religion and faith.