事业单位改革的路径与“夹生化”后果

基于公共产品短缺的事实来研究中国事业单位改革问题,符钢战首先讨论了提供和生产公共产品的主体,然后分析了国有事业单位的体制缺陷并评价国有事业单位的现有改革及存在的问题,最后提出了国有事业单位改革的目标与路径。伏玉林从部门与组织的角度引入民营化分析框架,论证服务提供与生产的民营化是实现改革双重目标的有效途径,认为放松管制、培育竞争性环境与引入市场机制是增强服务提供能力与生产效率的重要手段,改革将有赖于公共服务的民营化来完成。马蔡琛从公共预算的角度,认为改革实质并非在于实现减少财政负担的目标,目前预算财力与制度安排已具备了启动改革的财政基础,可以尝试打造“阳光财政”,实施总额预算控制,锁定改革成本,推行跨部门的公共预算管理,谋划改革的具体思路。杨宇立认为,公共服务类事业单位囿于对“公益”的狭隘理解,长期阻止民间资本参与竞争性供给,使改革沿着从计划垄断向市场垄断的歧路推进,造成相关服务价格刚性攀升的“夹生化”改革后果。

A Economic Analysis on China's Public Service Unit Reform (Symposium)

Fu Gangzhan, on the basis of the reality of public goods shortage, makes the research on China' s Public Service Unit Reform. He firstly discusses public goods provider and producer, then analyses the system limitation of China's Public Service Unit and comments on the reform, and proposes the objectives and path of the reform at last. From the perspective of sector and organization, Fu Yulin introduces the framework of privatization and then proves that the privatizing provision and privatizing production of public service are effective approaches to realizing the double objectives. He holds that, hence deregulation, breeding the competitive environment and introducing market mechanism are important means to buildup the provision ability and production efficiency, the accomplishment of reform bases on the privatization. From the perspective of public budget, Ma Caichen believes that the reform is not to reduce the fiscal burden and the budget resource and system arrangement have the fiscal basis of reform, so transparent finance and gross budget control may be implemented to fix reform cost, and cross-departmental public budget management should be carried out to start reform. Yang Yuli describes cotracted production system results in consequence of "being partty underdone" which means planned monopoly turn to market monopoly.