艾森豪威尔时期美国对日经济政策探析

艾森豪威尔时期，帮助日本开拓国外市场以实现经济复兴是美国对日政策的核心。这既是美国以“遏制中国”为核心的东亚遏制战略实施的必然结果，也与朝鲜战争临近尾声时日本爆发的严重经济危机密切相关。这一政策在不同阶段具有不同的侧重点。美国先把重点放在促使日本面向东南亚发展经济关系之上，旋即改变战略，面向西方市场，全力推动日本加入关贸总协定。这种双管齐下的贸易政策既有效地帮助了日本的经济复兴，也成功地巩固和发展了美日同盟，但其负面影响则是为其后美日严重的经济摩擦埋下了导火索。

US-Japanese Economic Policy during Eisenhower Era

The US-Japanese economic policy during Eisenhower era stressed, in the main, helps Japan to open up overseas market in order to achieve economic recovery. This policy was an inevitable outcome of the American East Asia containment strategy and was strengthen by the economic crisis in Japan as the Korean War logging to epilogue. The policy had different priorities in different periods. US focused on driving Japan to develop markets in Southeast Asia firstly. But with the out breaking of economic crisis in Japan, US paid a good deal of attention to western markers, while promoting Japan into the GATT. As a result, the policy brought Japanese economic revival and developed the American-Japanese union in the post-war era. But its negative influence has laid down the blasting fuse after US and Japan serious economic friction.