隐喻本质的哲学反思

从哲学的角度来看,隐喻与明喻的区别并不在于缺省了比喻标志词,而在于隐喻是直陈,明喻是修饰和形容.隐喻是利用结构比较清晰的概念来系统认识未成形的经验或概念的过程,正是这一过程产生了隐喻的认知性.隐喻并不是表达现成的、明摆着的相似性的一种手段.隐喻相似性是人类认知创造性的结果.这种创造性使隐喻成为人类认识世界的最重要的手段.隐喻直陈性使隐喻意义不再依赖于隐喻表面包含的语义冲突,而完全依赖于语词的通常含义.

A Philosophical Reflection on the Nature of Metaphors

From the perspective of philosophy,metaphors differ from similes not because they do not use signal words indicating comparisons,but because they are direct narrations instead of qualifying or decorating.Metaphors are a process through which experience or concepts without definite frames are structuralized by making use of those with more specific structures.This is where metaphorical cognition lies.Moreover,metaphors are not a means to express similarities already existing.Instead,they create such similari...