农村公共产品供给决策机制研究 ———以河北周村修路事件分析为例

国家外部资源在试图进入村庄的过程中,由于各种因素的影响而无法顺利地与村庄内部资源结合,完成村庄公共产品的供给。存有小农理性的村民在决策过程中对于公共产品供给的关联因素的权衡选择以及目前在农村实行的"一事一议"决策制度在具体执行过程中存在的一些实践偏差,是导致目前农村公共产品供给决策执行困境的主要原因。从外部进入村庄的强制力试图通过对于村落理性的限制而解决现实困境的效果甚微,一种基于村落新的共同体认同和民间权威认同的内生约束力量却在一定程度上成为了村庄决策执行的真正行动力。公共决策的顺利实行有赖于在村落中寻找基于"公"的认同而发挥约束作用的公共产品与理性追求个体私利的村民的联络点,以最终实现公共产品的决策与供给。

Study on the Provision Mechanism of Rural Public Goods——A Case Study of Road Building in Zhoucun, Hebei

When the exterior support from central-government is entering the rural area,it can not be combined with the interior resources to finish the supply of public goods.There are two main reasons for the predicament of execution: one reason is the consideration and choice about the correlated-factors of public goods made by rational villagers;another reason is practical deviation existing in the executive process of "one decision-one meeting" decision-making system.The exterior enforcement has slight effect on solving the current predicament by limiting villagers' rationality.A binding force based on agreement of new community and folk authority has become a real impetus for the execution of decision in the village.Execution of public decision requires a jointed point between public goods and the scattered villagers.Decision will be carried out successfully based on the agreement of the "common".