古典诗歌中的数字表现手法及其审美意义

由于音、形、义的特征,汉字数字除了数学意义之外,还具有哲学、文学和其他更广泛的意义。古代诗人们喜欢在诗歌中使用数字,并逐渐形成一种自觉的意识,到唐代其表现方法已臻于完善。常见的方法主要有四种:一是形成特殊搭配,二是引导思维逐层递进深入,三是形成强烈的对比,四是表明时间和空间。在诗歌中恰当地运用数字,能收到更好的美学效果,这主要表现在三个方面:一是诗歌意境更加深邃高远和富于想象,二是富有节律变化的和谐美,三是逐层深入的奇异美。

Numerical Expressions and Their Aesthetic Sense in Classical Chinese Poems

With the features of pronunciation, form and meaning, Chinese characters have not only mathematical meanings but also philosophical, literary and other meanings. In ancient China, poets liked using numbers in poems, and gradually they came to use numbers in a conscious way. This device reached maturity with Tang Dynasty. The most frequently used ways are as follows: forming special collocations, guiding thoughts to go deeply level by level, forming sharp contrast, and embodying time and space. The proper use of numbers in poems can help achieve better aesthetic effects, which are mainly embodied in the following three aspects. First, the horizons or Yijing, of the poems can be furthered and expanded; secondly, it contributes to the harmony with rhythmic changes; and thirdly, mysterious beauty of manifolds.