俄罗斯未成年人刑事责任年龄规制模式研究

1996年颁布的《俄罗斯联邦刑法典》深受西方人道主义思潮的影响,适用专章集中规定的形式解决未成年人刑事责任问题,贯穿着人道主义精神。其中,对于未成年人刑事责任年龄问题,适用二元标准模式加以规制,较为灵活地解决了未成年人承担刑事责任的范围;对于未成年人相对刑事责任年龄适用明示列举的立法模式,载明罪名及其所在的条款,避免随意解释的可能性;在这种二元标准模式的基础上,增加了＂心理发育滞后者的免责条款＂,采用年龄界限与个别更正相结合的形式,虽有争执但也发挥一定积极作用,它代表着俄罗斯立法层面旨在通过刑事法律限制未成年人承担刑事责任范围的刑事政策趋势。

Research on Regulation Mode of Age for Criminal Responsibility of Minors in Russia

The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation,enacted in 1996,was deeply influenced by western humanitarian ideas. Being permeated with the spirit of humanitarianism,the code uses special chapters,which regulates intensively,to explain the problem of criminal responsibility of the minors. As for the issue of the ages for criminal responsibility of the minors,the model of dual standard is used,which successes in solving the problem on how to delineate the scope of criminal responsibility of minors flexibly. In...