中国电影的主流化与主流电影的大众化:文化、美学与限度

主流电影是一个内涵丰富、驳杂的术语,也是一种具有中国特色的、务实、折中但又具有开放性和灵活性的理想电影形态。它在中国电影语境中的萌芽、显形、发展的复杂过程,是在多元文化语境下由多种意识形态诉求共谋的结果。在当下的中国电影市场环境中,商业电影、主旋律电影、艺术电影都在各自的场域中,呈现出不同路径的主流化趋势:主旋律电影商业化、商业电影主流化、艺术电影商业化。而它们的共同实质则是大众化趋势。主流影片是丰富多元的文化共生与融合的结果,其中有主导文化与商业文化的冲突与调和,也有历时性与共时性的传统文化、青年文化、香港文化和外来文化的冲突与流变。这些文化资源的主流化或大众化,营造了多元化的主流电影文化格局,并呈现出一系列主流性的艺术、美学及文化表征。

Mainstreaming in Chinese Films and Massification of Mainstream Films:Culture, Aesthetics and Limit

"mainstream movie" is a term rich in connotation and an ideal film form with Chinese characteristics of being pragmatic and balanced while open and flexible.It has experienced a complicated process to sprout,grow and bloom with common understanding.It is a fruit born from a variety of ideologies which seek for cooperation in the multicultural context.In the present Chinese film market,commercial films,theme films and art films all present a "mainstreaming" trend in their own fields from different aspects,which can be described as: the commercialization of theme films,the mainstreaming in commercial films and the commercialization of art films.Despite various forms,these changes actually share the same essence of "massification".Mainstream films,which result from the coexistence and integration of various cultures,show the conflict and interfusion between the dominant culture and the commercial culture.They also reflect the diachronic and synchronic interaction,amalgamation,competition and transformation among the traditional culture,youth culture,Hong Kong culture and foreign cultures.The mainstreaming or massification of these cultural resources builds the multicultural pattern of mainstream movies while demonstrating features of "mainstream" art,aesthetics and culture.