清代直隶河道总督建置考论

清代直隶河道总督又被称为北河河道总督或直隶水利河道总督,是清代雍正、乾隆年间管理直隶以及京畿地区水利与河务的最高行政长官,其不仅担负着永定河、子牙河、海河、运河、东西淀等诸河流、湖泊的修治、抢险、抗洪等任务,而且对催攒漕船、治安巡防、管理河工都有相当大的责任。对直隶河道总督的设置、功能、裁撤等诸方面内容的考证与分析可揭示有清一代封建国家对直隶地区河务的管理情况。

On the Establishment of Zhili Watercourse Governor in Qing Dynasty

Zhili watercourse governor in Qing Dynasty was also called north river watercourse governor or Zhili water conservancy watercourse governor.He is the highest administrator who was in charge of the water conservancy and water affairs in Zhili,the capital city and its environs in the periods of Yongzheng,Qianlong in Qing Dynasty.The governor not only assumed such tasks as repairing and harnessing the rivers and lakes,combating a flood and hurrying to rescue,etc,in Yongding River,Ziya River,Hai River,Canals,and East and West Ding River,etc,but also took the great responsibilities of urging and saving boats for transporting grains,maintaining public order and guarding security,managing the conservancy workers.This article tries to reveal the situation of Qing Dynasty＇s administrating water affairs in Zhili areas by researching and analyzing the establishment,function and withdrawal of the Zhili watercourse governor.