北方面具文化考析

北方面具文化是北亚、东北亚众多原居住民族固有的信仰文化特征之一，有着悠久的文化历史渊源。在北方原始文化遗存和岩画中，假面造型艺术或实物屡有发现。我国古文献《山海经》、《白虎通》所载“九面人首”、“人面鸟首”、“其人翕形”，恰是北方古人类习用的民族徽记或原始宗教行为的某种假面造形反映古人原始崇拜与信仰心理观念。北方面具形态，可分为萨满祝赞面具与各民族民间娱乐欢舞面具两大类。这在鄂伦春、鄂温克、达斡尔、蒙族、满族中，均可见到。了解分析满族及其先世传统的面具舞蹈的传承与演进状况，特别是《清史稿》所述面具舞的特征以及后来在民间的广泛传播情况，对于深入探考北亚和中国北方面具文化，具有十分重要的意义。

Investigations on the Mask Culture of Northern China

Mask culture of Northern China is first revealed and explored systemetically.In this article as the result of the author's long-year gathering of the latest archeo logical material and his forsthand investigation on various nationalities in the Northeast of China (leg. Man chunationality).Loith the full and accrate data,the author of this article makes a profound expesition from the angle of its unique cultural origin,neritage feature and its mysterions connotation in the realm of ideology.Readers should be expected to be edified and benefited.