‘Expressive-Instrumental Traits and Sexist Attitudes among Spanish University Professors’ |
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Authors: | María Lameiras Fernández Yolanda Rodríguez Castro María Calado Otero Marika L Foltz María Victoria Carrera Fernández |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Education, University of Vigo, Campus Ourense, Avda. Castelao s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain |
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Abstract: | In this study we analyze the link between Instrumental/Expressive traits and sexist attitudes. The sample is made up of 496
male and female Spanish university professors (230 women and 266 men). In addition to collecting sociodemographic information
from the participants, the following scales were administered: the Personal Attributes Questionnaire by Spence and Helmreich
(PAQ, 1978); the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory ASI, Glick and Fiske: 1996, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 70,
pp. 491–512]; and the Neosexism Scale Tougas et al.: 1995, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(8), pp. 842–849].
The data reveal that while the participants in our study subscribe less to sexist attitudes than the general population, the
men continue to hold more hostile and benevolent sexist attitudes than do the women in our study. Surprisingly, however, we
find that both female and male professors are less favorable toward affirmative action aimed at increasing women’s presence
in the public sphere than the general population. As expected, women and men are equally instrumental, although women continue
to show a greater number of expressive traits than men. Conversely, men score higher on instrumentality/expressiveness, which
correlates positively with instrumentality and negatively with expressiveness. We also find some significant differences in
levels of instrumentality and expressiveness when comparing the male and female professors and taking field of study into
account. Lastly, we find negative correlations between expressiveness and Hostile Sexism (HS) and between masculinity and
HS among women, and between expressiveness and Benevolent Sexism (BS) among men. To conclude, we offer some insight into the
potential implications of these results. |
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Keywords: | ambivalent sexism gender stereotypes instrumental and expressive traits neosexism |
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