北魏平城京郊的礼制性建筑与祭祀活动

结合北魏京郊的祭祀活动可以看出,北魏平城时期的礼制性建筑大体可以分为两类：一是祭祀神灵或祖先的场所,如郊天坛、圜丘、祖庙;二是皇帝召开会议、朝会万国、宴请群臣的场所,如天文殿、太华殿、板殿。明堂作为平城后期兴建的礼制性建筑,其主要功用有祀天、祭祖、布政、观天象和敬养三老五更。礼制性建筑近百年的兴建过程,也是平城礼仪制度嬗变的历程。

The Ritual Architectures and Sacrifice Activities in the Suburbs of Pingcheng in Beiwei Period

From the sacrifice activities in the suburbs of Pingcheng in Beiwei Period,it could be seen that the ritual architectures could be classified into two types,either for offering sacrifices to gods or ancestors,or for conferences or meetings.Mingtang,as a kind of ritual architecture built in Later Beiwei Period,was for offering sacrifices’ to gods or ancestors,for publishing policies,and for observing astronomical phenomena etc.The building of these ritual architectures witnessed the whole process of the transformation of the ritual system of Beiwei Period.