美国新闻传播:从自由放任到强调责任

诞生于美国的报刊社会责任理论是现代西方资本主义新闻事业占主导地位的新闻理论。作为对传统的报刊自由主义理论的修正与补救 ,该理论的形成 ,是美国进入垄断资本主义以后社会在政治、经济、文化诸方面发生深刻变革的结果 ,而美国新闻事业出现的相应变化则造就了该理论诞生的具体环境。由于垄断报业的出现 ,导致传统的报刊自由主义理论发生危机 ,而由此促成的媒介自律意识的兴起和政府干预媒介的成功实践 ,催生了报刊社会责任理论。

U.S. News Communication: From Libertarian to Responsibility

As the mainstream theory of media in modern West, Social Responsibility Theory of the Press originated in the USA. Being amelioration to traditional Libertarian Theory, it was a result of political, economic and cultural changes of American monopoly capitalism. And the consequent changes of media institutions provided the specific situation for the theory. Monopoly of the press made the traditional Libertarian Theory of the Press a poor theory, which contributed to self\|regulation of the media and successful interference by the government, which in turn inspired Social Responsibility Theory of the Press.