题、序、注、诗四位一体——论集会背景下宋诗形制的变化

文人集会唱和背景下，北宋诗歌外在形制发生变化，出现长题、长序、自注，担负说明、叙事等功能，对诗歌内容进行铺垫、补充、解释，诗人并进而追求诗题和诗序的抒情性、艺术性，使之与诗形成意境上的互补。题、序、注与诗歌相辅相成、“四位一体”特点的成因：首先是文人交往密切、集会频繁这一创作背景的影响；其次是诗歌作者传播意识决定；第三也反映宋人“尊体”与“破体”的文体观念的影响。

Four in One for Topic,Foreword,Note and Poem

In the background of literati gatherings and their poetry recitals and replies using the same rhyme sequence, the Northern-Song-Dynasty poetry underwent a change in its external form and system. There appeared long topic, long foreword, self note in the capacity of explanation and narration to foreshadow, supplement and explain the content of the poem. The poets further pursued lyricism andartistry of the topic and foreward so as to make them complementary to the artistic conception of the poem. The causes for the formation of the four in one are ： firstly it is the influence of the creative background of the close contact and frequent gathering of literati, secondly it is the result of the propagation consciousness on the part of the poets and lastly it reflects the influence from the style conception of ＂respecting the style＂ and ＂breaking with the style＂ of the Song people