《周易》的话语思想

《周易》是一部内容丰富思想深刻的哲学文献,其中也包含了不少话语行为方面的重要论述.相关思想主要表现在三个方面:在言语与效果的关系上,认为话语修辞是建立诚信等良好品德的重要手段,是君子实现功业的重要因素,肯定了<易>"辞文"而"旨远"的特点,同时,也看到了言语行为有"不尽意"的局限;在话语与语境的关系上,认为话语行为与社会状态紧密相关,不过也要注意话语的时机,这样才能取得预期的效果;最后,强调了话语行为要言而有物、有信,认为话语形式与言者的品德有密切关联,批评了"不仁"而"佞"的现象.这些都充实了儒家话语思想中诚信、仁义等的内涵.

The Discourse Theory in Zhouyi

Zhouyi,a philosophic literature with rich and profound meanings,has an in-depth discussion on discourse action,which is mainly shown in three aspects.First,as to the relations between speech and effect,a good discourse act is an important way to build sound morality such as honesty.Speech action is one of the key factors deciding the moral character of a man of honor.Zhouyi has a characteristic of being"beautiful in language"and"profound in meaning". Speech action is found to be"endless"as well.The second aspect is about the relations between utterance and context.Speech act is closely related to the social state.At the same time,special attention should be given to speaker's mentality and his/her opportunity to speak so as to obtain the anticipated results.Finally,it is emphasized that utterance should really mean something and should be faithful to facts."Inhumanity"and"sycophancy"are criticized,thus deepening the meaning of faithfulness,justice and humanity in the thought of Confucian discourses.