图腾制度对中国宗法秩序的塑造与影响

图腾制度在很大程度上塑造了中国古代宗法国家与社会的制度形态和生活样态.图腾制度的影响首先表现在它的血缘划分原则构成了西周昭穆制度和"选建明德"两大国家制度的根据,而源自图腾制度的"礼"则成为宗法国家的规范基础.更深刻的影响体现在对传统中国社会秩序的塑造上,以血缘关系为基础的宗法原则补充了国法,成为官府治理地方的辅助工具;宗族则成为审判机构等级系列中的初审法庭.中国的法制现代化之路的重要关键,就是要在精神文化内核上,彻底打破宗法藩篱,重构国家与社会之间的合理关系.

The Shaping Influence of Totem System on Chinese Patriarchal Clan System

Totem system shapes to a great extent the state of systems and people's life in ancient Chinese patriarchal clan society. It is the base of Zhaomu system in West Zhou Dynasty and system of "Selecting the wise and constructing virtue" according to its principle based on blood, and "ritual" rooted in totem system becomes the standard basis in patriarchal clan society. It shows its deeper influence on shaping traditional Chinese social order. Blood relationship complements national code and serves as a tool in local administration. Clan becomes the preliminary court in judicial series. The key to Chinese legal modernization lies in breaking innately this fence and reconstructing a reasonable relationship between state and society.