对环境伦理学的再思考

目前 ,学术界在建立怎样的环境伦理学这个问题上展开了激烈的争论 ,但由于对讨论的前提———可持续发展存在着比较片面的理解 ,使得两者的讨论各执一端 ,无法为可持续发展观提供合理的伦理指导。非人类中心主义主要局限于对可持续发展作理念层面的理解 ,提供的是世世代代在可持续发展中长期奋斗的目标。人类中心主义主要局限于对可持续发展作战略层面即现实层面的理解 ,提供的是在现实中执行、贯彻的目标 ,因为人类尚需要为解决人与人之间的困境做出努力。可持续发展伦理应该综合两者的观点 ,在理念层面要逐渐消融“人类的中心” ;在现实层面贯彻执行“现代人类中心主义”。

A Rethinking About Environmental Ethics

Nowadays, on what environmental ethics should be established, there is a heated dispute in theoretical circles. Due to different understandings on the premise of the dispute-sustainable development, they failed to provide a rational guidance for the value of sustainable development from the perspectives of ethics. One party holds the view of non anthropocentricism, which defines a long term objective of sustainable development for generations despite of its ideal explanations for this development. The other party embraces the perspective of anthropocentricism, which confines its pragmatic attitude and recognizes the practical target of sustainable development as the one to be implemented and fulfilled, for human beings have yet to extricate individuals out of their dilemma. Therefore, this paper attempts to synthesize these two isms: theoretically dispelling anthropocentricism and practically executing modern anthropocentricism.