试论口头传说历史时期历史传播的主体与受体

在口头传说历史时期,历史知识的传播经历了主体与受体角色的变化。最初,部落首领是历史知识的拥有者,进入阶级社会后,历史知识的传播只在统治阶层进行,历史知识更多的是作为朝堂上君臣之间对国家治理方针讨论的借鉴。作为最高统治者的帝王对历史知识传播的导向有最高决定权,于是在历史知识传播的链条中,接受者的价值判断决定了传播者的选择范围,中国传统史学的政治化即导源于此。

The Subjects and Receptors of the Historical Dissemination in the Period of Orally-spread History

In the period of the historical dissemination in the period of orally-spread history,the dissemination of historical knowledge went through a role change of the subjects and receptors.At the beginning,the chieftains of tribes were the owners of historical knowledge.After the society of classes began,historical knowledge was only circulated in the ruling class as a use for reference in the court discussions about how to govern the state between the monarchs and their ministers.As the supreme rulers,the monarchs had the greatest power to make decisions concerning the orientation of historical knowledge dissemination.Accordingly,the receptors 's judgment of values was determined by the range of choices of disseminators.The politicization of China's traditional science of history just results from this.