孟子“守约”及其在宋明理学诠释中的分歧与流变

“守约”是孟子提出的一个概念，“守约”就是“守心”。和孔子的“心性”之学相比，“守约”过分地强调了“仁”，而忽视了“礼”，有“重内轻外”的特点。孟子认为，只要能“守约”、“发明本心”，就有了成圣成贤的可能性，“守约”开启了“心学”传统。在宋明理学中，朱、陆在解释“守约”时产生了分歧，反映了理学与心学在经典诠释上的差异，陆象山还把“守约”发展成“易简之学”。阳明心学也继承了“守约”，但其“致良知”学说，更加丰富完善了这一理论。

Paraphrase of Mencius Compliance and the Differences and Evolution in theAnnotation of Confucian Philosophers in Song and Ming Dynasty

Compliance was put forward by Mencius, which he equated with self -discipline. On the basis of Confuciankindheartedness, he proposed that man's nature at birth was good with kindheartedness, which had become a complete moral entity,containing self-satisfaction value. He believed that as long as you were compliant, you were likely to become a saint. Complianceopened up mind studies. Compared with Confucianism, compliance placed too much emphasis on morality, ignoring rationality andpaying more attention to internality. Zhu and Lu had different opinions about compliance, which reflected the differences of theexplanations of classics between Neo-Confucianism and the Mind. Lu Xiangshan developed compliance into simplicity of Yi. Thephilosophy of the Yangming School inherited it, whose conscience study enriched and improved the theory.