辽宁省农地流转障碍因素及破解对策

辽宁省农地流转总体规模偏小、地区间发展不平衡,流转形式多样但以转包、出租为主,流转市场不成熟,大部分地区还不具备规模经营的条件。全省农地流转工作在制度、市场、管理方面遇到阻碍。农地具有农业生产使用和农户社会保障双重功能,农户不愿轻易流转土地;农地集体所有权虚置和所有集体的多样化,影响土地进一步确权,难以形成市场机制;农地流转有效需求和有效供给不足,流转价格难以评估计量,缺乏市场化交易平台;政策法规不健全,具体操作上缺乏规范性细则;农村基层组织宣传、服务、管理不到位。提出要创新农地流转制度,明晰农地产权,赋予农民真正的对土地承包经营权的物权权利,完善农地流转政策法规,建立健全农村社会保障体系;要从市场供给与需求、交易规则、交易价格、市场载体及市场机制各方面发展、培育农地流转市场;要建立完善的农地流转管理和服务机制,加强农地流转前、中、后过程的指导和监督,保证农地流转的公平、公正和规范。

The Barriers against the Rural Land Circulation in Liaoning Province and the Countermeasures

The overall scale of rural land circulation of Liaoning Province is small,imbalance between regions exists in rural land circulation and the circulation form is diverse but largely based on sub-contract and lease,which mean that the circulation market is so immature that the most rural areas conditions for scale operation.Barriers against the Liaoning land circulation exist in system,market,management,etc：farming households balk at the idea of land circulation because their land serves as means both agricultural production and social security;the existence of the collective ownership of rural land only in name and the diversification of the collectives that own the land have produced so negative effects on further making definite the ownership of rural land that it is hard to establish a market mechanism of rural land;both the effective demand and supply for rural land circulation are so insufficient that the circulation price is difficult to evaluate and measure and there is a shortage of a commercialized transaction platform;the concerned policies,laws and regulations fail in perfection so that they are lacking in detailed standardized rules and regulations in concrete operation;and the rural grass-roots organizations are absent from propaganda,service and management.It is put forward that the system of rural land circulation should be innovated by making definite the property right of rural land,granting farmers actual real right to contractual operation of land,making sound the policies,laws and regulations on rural land circulation and establishing and perfecting the rural social security system;the rural land circulation market be developed and cultivated in the aspects of market demand and supply,trading rule,trading price,market carrier and market mechanism;and a perfect management and service mechanism of rural land circulation be set up and the guidance and supervision before,during and after the rural land circulation be strengthened to make sure the fairness,justice and normalization.