词素间意义的横向合并

词义的发展演变除了以该词的本义或原有义为出发点的引申以外,还可以以其他词的意义为出发点而产生新义。这后一种情况,有的学者总结为聚合同化和组合同化两种途径。事实上,两个语言成分的组合,不仅可能引起意义的同化,而且可能引起意义的合并,即把原来两个组合成分的意义合并后由其中一个成分表示,从而形成另外一种意义发展演变途径;而且这样的意义合并经常发生在双音合成词的两个词素之间。

Syntagmatic Meaning Combination of Morphemes

Besides the extension of the original meaning,a word can get new meanings by starting from the meanings of other words.The latter case of meaning evolution is summarized as the two ways of paradigmatic assimilation and syntagmatic assimilation.The present author finds that the combination of two language elements can produce both meaning assimilation and meaning combination.In other words,one element of the two can express the combined meaning after assimilation,thus forming another approach of meaning evolution.This kind of meaning combination often takes place between the two morphemes of a disyllabic compound.