从“城乡二元结构”到“城市二元结构”及其影响

在我国工业化和城市化快速发展过程中,传统体制下形成的以户籍制度为核心的“城乡二元结构”不仅没有消除,反而逐步向城市蔓延,伴随着农村劳动力进城就业,在城市中形成了规模庞大的农民工阶层,他们与城市居民共同构成了“城市二元结构”。“城市二元结构”的日益强化,将导致严重的城市贫困问题,加大城市管理的难度,并造成城市化进程的不稳定。为此,应从城市和农村两个维度加以考虑,积极推动土地制度改革,加强城乡统一社会保障体系建设,加强农村基础教育和职业培训,建立以社会保障制度为核心的征地补偿机制,逐步消除“城市二元结构”。

From Urban and Rural Dual Structure to Urban Dual Structure and It's Influences

In the course of rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in China,the Urban and Rural Dual Structure based on household register formed in the traditional system hasn't been eliminated,instead, it gradually spreads toward the cities.Along with rural labor force entering the cities for work,there is a big peasant-worker stratum in the cities.The peasant-workers and urban residents constitute the Urban Dual Structure in common.The increasing strengthening of the Urban Dual Structure shall lead to a serious city poverty problem,which increases the difficulty in city management and creates the instability of urbanization process.Therefore,we should give considerations to the two dimensional aspects of city and countryside,actively propel the land system reform,strengthen the construction of urban and rural united social security system,increase the rural foundational education and vocational training,build up land expropriation compensation system centralized on social security system and gradually eliminate the Urban Dual Structure.