商事责任法律制度的反思与重构

中国在民法和商法关系方面采纳了民商合一模式。商法责任是民事责任的特殊形态,但是也有其自身特征。包括归责原则的二元结构;责任的相对性、替代性;商业判断规则的适用;损害赔偿替代原则在责任形态中具有根本地位等。未来的制度体系建设包括以企业为中心的商事责任制度的确立、严格责任和过错责任原则的相互为用和损害替代规则的体系构建。

Introspection and Reconstruction of Commercial Liability Legal System

China adopts a combined legislative model on the relationship between commercial law and civil law.The commercial liability is a special kind of civil liability while it also has its own characteristics,which include the dual structure of the principles of responsibility,relativity and replacement of responsibility,adapting Business Judgment Rule,the liability of indemnity for damages being a fundamental principle of the commercial liability,etc.The construction in the future legal system should consist of the construction of commercial liability focusing on enterprises,the mutual use of strict liability and fault liability principles,and the systematic construction of vicarious liability rule.