环境约束下的工业全要素生产率增长——基于Malmquist-Luenberger指数的行业面板数据分析

目前,关于工业全要素生产率的研究多数只考虑如增加值之类的＂好＂产出,从而忽略了环境污染＂坏＂产出,故对工业发展效率的评价出现失真。鉴此,通过Malmquist-Luenberger指数重新测算考虑环境污染约束的工业全要素生产率增长,并寻找行业＂创新者＂,同时与不考虑环境污染约束的情况进行对比分析。实证研究发现：虽然忽略环境约束会低估技术效率水平和技术效率指数,但会高估技术进步指数和全要素生产率指数;行业＂创新者＂主要集中于制造业,尤其是环境污染较低的行业。

Industrial Total Factor Productivity Growth Under the Environmental Constraints

Now most researches on industrial total factor productivity only considered the ｜＂good＂ output such as GDP and ignored the ＂bad＂ output such as environmental pollution,which makes the evaluation of the industrial development distorted.This paper introduces the Malmquist-Luenberger index to take into account of the effect of the ＂bad output＂ environmental pollution on industrial total factor productivity growth,analysis the impact of the environmental constraints and industries properties on total factor productivity,and searches for the industry ＂innovator＂.Empirical study found that ignoring environmental factors will underestimate the technical efficiency level and technical efficiency index,but it will overestimate the technological progress index and total factor productivity index;industry ＂innovator＂ mainly focused on manufacturing industries,particularly in low-polluted industries.