三子赋道——论《逍遥游》兼议陈鼓应之《道家的人文精神》

逍遥者,休也,无何有也,不执一切是非,直至无语。其亦学,学会休却,学会损去,直至休无所休,损无所损,由＂有所待＂而＂恶乎待＂,心自回归无为本初,于是,绝学无忧。所谓的得意忘形,所谓的为为不为,学为不学。其亦积,为休却损去之积,为心灵的宽大再宽大乃至无限宽大之积。可见,真道非由空中楼阁,说有而有。＂求道有可必＂,必如鱼而鲲而鹏,必如宋荣子之不曾入流至列子之入流但不全了了,再至庄子之为道了了而逍遥游,其学其积何其艰巨而高邈。而更实际地说,求道者,求捐势削迹,再求寥已吾志,直至求无所求。以此无蓬而广漠之心,兼怀万物,和天下,为逍遥游。因而,道之学、道之积,迥于俗之学、俗之积。而陈鼓应先生的主要问题是以俗之智去解读脱俗之智,＂小知不及大知＂,于是,并不了了。

Three Philosophers on Tao --On A Happy Excursion by Zhuangzi and Humanity of Taoists by Chen Guying

A free soul who is unwilling to be involved in any secular noise and disputes is in tranquil.His heart regains innocence in his continuous pursuit of knowledge.He learns to let his heart be at rest,give up secular benefits and not expect anything from others.He ceases to worry anything after he can do all these things.So Tao is not something like castle in the air but something really exist in our world.There are ways to search for Tao.Hard working and persistence is indispensable during the process.The fish needs to become a Kun(a large legendary fish which can become a roc)before it can be a roc.Song Rongzi is nobody at first but he becomes one of Liezi at last.It is similar to Zhuangzi who embarks on a happy excursion for pursuing Tao.To be more specific,the one who is in pursuit of Tao needs to be free from the confining of secular benefits and to suffer from loneliness when learning.The flaw of Mr.Chen Guying is that he intends to interpret Tao from an secular approach,which definitely leads him nowhere.