中美硕士研究生教育比较与启示

中美在有关硕士研究生的招生制度、培养目标、学制、培养模式、质量管理等方面既存在着共同点，也存在很多不同点。借鉴国外先进经验，进一步推动我国硕士研究生教育，应实行“资格考试 综合测试 专业复试”相结合的招生制度，加强专业硕士教育，逐步构建以专业硕士教育为主体的新格局；改革“课程学习 论文写作”的单一培养模式，实行专业式、协作式、教学式等多种培养模式并存；强化质量管理意识，从招生录取、人才培养到毕业证书和学位证书的发放，严格把关，积极鼓励社会力量参与研究生教育质量的监督与评估，建立“多维立体”的研究生教育质量保障机制。

A Comparison of the Graduate Education in China and in the United States and Its Implications

There exist both differences and similarities between the systems of graduate education of China and the United States in respect of their enrollment systems, training targets, school systems, training modes and quality management. In order to promote China's graduate education, we should adopt the enrollment system in which a qualification examination, a comprehensive test and a final specialized examination are combined; we should reinforce specialty education for postgraduates to construct a new pattern with specialty education as its major part and change the single training mode of "course learning plus thesis writing" into multiple forms of training including a specialized mode, a cooperative mode and an instructional mode; we should strengthen quality management by making strict checks on enrollment, training and grant of graduation certificates and academic degrees; and we should encourage social forces to participate in the supervision and evaluation of the quality of graduate education so as to establish a multi-dimensional quality guarantee mechanism for graduate education.