流行语模因的类型与特点——以近五年《咬文嚼字》“十大流行语”为例

研究流行语可以捕捉一门语言的动态与发展趋势,模因论能够解释语言的模仿与传播。通过分析《咬文嚼字》杂志近五年评选出的5组"十大流行语"(合计50个)的来源与传播,可以总结当今流行语模因的类型与特点。在类型上,基因型与表现型的流行语模因占据比例平分秋色、发展较为均衡;在特点上,总的来说流行语模因来源广泛,其中同义同形基因型、同形联想表现型流行语模因多为简单模因,使用时激活缺省语境,同义异形基因型、同构异义表现型流行语模因多能与新的语境结合。前者着重浮现意义,后者强调缺省语境,都产生不同的模因复合体,但语言较不规范,多根植传播于网络环境中。

Types and Characteristics of Buzzword Memes：An Example of Ten Buzzwords of Yaowen——Jiaozi in Past Five Years

The study of buzzwords can help to understand the trend of a language,and memetics can serve a better theory to approach it. From the perspective of memetics,this paper analyzes the 50 buzzwords listed by Yaowen Jiaozi in the past five years,through which the types and characteristics of the buzzword memes can be observed. According to the research,both the genotype and phenotype buzzword memes take up half of the whole and have a balanced development. As for the characteristics,we can find that the sources of the buzzword memes are varied,that simple memes can be found in both genotype and phenotype buzzword memes,while many buzzwords memes can form memeplexes in different contexts,and that the language is not so formal and still mostly utilized on the Internet.