农村出生性别比升高的分析——社区生育文化的视角

本文通过在海南省海口市近郊农村的实地调查指出,农村宗族现象的存在、社会保险制度的不健全、家庭老年人的压力和社区控制的失灵既使传统社区生育文化得以存在和延续,又强化了村民们的传统生育意愿与行为,而传统社区生育文化与村民生育意愿、行为相互建构、相互支持,从而导致社区出生性别比失调.应发挥农村社区熟人社会的优势,将社区作为控制出生性别比升高的一个重要平台,大力提高女性地位,营造两性平等的社区氛围,通过各种措施重塑新的社区生育文化,从根本上解决出生性别比问题.

Analysis on the Rising of Newborn Sex Ratios in Rural Areas: Perspective of Child-bearing Culture in Community

based on a survey in the rural area nearby the suburb of Haikou, Hainan Provinces, this paper demonstrates that the existence of traditional community bearing culture are benefited from the rural clan system, imperfection of rural social security system, pressure of the old support on rural families and malfunction of community control by strengthening villagers' traditional child-bearing inclination and behavior. The traditional community child-bearing culture and the villagers' traditional bearing inclination construct and support reciprocally and lead to the disorder of newborn sex ratios. Community can be an important platform to solve the high sex ratios entirely through raising women's social statues with a equal gender atmosphere in community and rebuilding the new child-bearing culture.