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A computer program for the design of group testing experiments
Authors:Toby J Mitchell  David S Scott
Institution:1. Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, U.S.A;2. Intel Scientific Computers , 15201 NE Greenbrier Parkway, Beaverton, Oregon, 97006, U.S.A
Abstract:This paper describes a computer program GTEST for designing group testing experiments for classifying each member of a population of items as “good” or “defective”. The outcome of a test on a group of items is either “negative” (if all items in the group are good) or “positive” (if at least one of the items is defective, but it is not known which). GTEST is based on a Bayesian approach. At each stage, it attempts to maximize (nearly) the expected reduction in the “entropy”, which is a quantitative measure of the amount of uncertainty about the state of the items. The user controls the procedure through specification of the prior probabilities of being defective, restrictions on the construction of the test group, and priorities that are assigned to the items. The nominal prior probabilities can be modified adaptively, to reduce the sensitivity of the procedure to the proportion of defectives in the population.
Keywords:group testing  defectives  Bayesian design  entropy  information  computer aided design of experiments
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