疑问小句作主语和宾语的不对称性

现代汉语中,疑问句除了可以独立成句之外,还具有充当主语和宾语的句法功能。文章从句法功能、语义特征和语用功能三个方面对疑问小句作主语和宾语时的不对称性进行分析研究。作者认为,疑问小句充当主语和宾语时,不仅自身表现出不同的特点,而且对句法环境也有不同的要求,具有不对称性。

Study on the Asymmetry of Chinese Interrogative Clauses as Subject and Object

In modern Chinese,interrogative sentences can not only be independent,but also has the syntactic function as subject and object. The asymmetry as subject and object can be analyzed from three aspects. The asymmetry of syntactic function of interrogative clauses as the subject and object is mainly studied from the aspect of collocation. As for the asymmetry of the semantic characteristics,referentiality and semantic role are analyzed. And the asymmetry of pragmatic function is mainly probed from the perspective of marking words and degrees of freedom. As subject and object,the interrogative clauses present different characteristics themselves and have different requirements on the syntactic environment. The interrogative clauses as subject and object,have the asymmetry.