“自主选择”还是“身不由己”——对南京企业员工职业流动的事件史分析

本文以666份对南京企业员工调查的数据为基础，运用事件史分析方法，分析了社会转型过程中企业员工的职业流动问题，揭示了影响其职业流动的影响因素，以及他们在以单位所有制性质为区分的劳动力市场格局中的流动趋向。研究结果表明，社会转型所带来的机会结构的转变是企业员工职业流动的主要推动力量，而伴随着社会转型而改变的劳动力市场分割，则为他们的职业流动制定了游戏规则，个体的家庭背景和个人因素仅仅是这些游戏规则之下的筹码。因此，中国社会转型过程中，企业员工的职业流动是由社会结构决定的、非常有限的“自主选择”，换言之，这是一种身不由己的“自由选择”。

"Personal Choice" or "Forced Choice":An Event History Analysis of the Corporative Employees' Occupational Mobility in Nanjing

This paper uses event history analysis of the empirical data of 666 corporative employees in Nanjing to delve into their occupational mobility. The analysis revealed the factors that influenced the occupational mobility and the mobility trend in the labor market that was differentiated by the types of ownership of the work units （danwei）. The study found out that the opportunity structure resulting from the societal transformation was the primary force behind the corporative employee’s career mobility， that the division in the labor market resulting from the societal transformation laid down the game rules for their occupational mobility， and that the individuals’ family backgrounds and personal properties were only chips in these games. Thus， the personal choice of the corporative employees in their occupational mobility during China’s societal transformation was very limited as the choice was determined by the social structure； in other words， it was a forced choice.
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