19世纪美国达特茅斯学院案及其影响

美国建国初期发生的达特茅斯学院案是美国历史上第一桩高等教育诉讼案。该案是美国建国初期教育结构变革过程中极具典型的案例，反映了美国高等教育与社会发展的密切关系，体现了欧美高等院校的管理特色。它的判决结果不仅加速了美国私立高等院校的发展，促进了美国州立大学的形成，而且对美国高等教育发展的格局的定型具有很大的影响，促成了美国高等院校社会化的特征。研究这桩案例，对探讨美国高等教育的发展轨迹和特点，了解美国高等教育的根本特征，具有重要的历史意义和现实意义。

On the Dartmouth College Case of American History in the 19th Century and its Influence

Even nowadays we can still hear people talk about the case of Dartmouth College,which was the first lawsuit concerning American higher education in American history.It was a typical law case,in the course of the reform of the educational structure shortly after the founding of the United States.It was a mirror of the close relationship between American higher education and social development,and also an indication of the managing characteristic of the European and American colleges and universities. It's judgement not only accelerated the development of American private colleges and universities ,and promoted the forming of American state colleges and universities,but also had great influences on the finalization of the development patterns of American higher education and helped to bring about the social characteristic of American colleges and universities.We can find great historical and practical magnificence in studying the development of American higher education,and in understanding the fundamental characteristics of it by probing into the case.