争论中的消极自由观

在消极自由观念看来,自由没有任何积极的内容,只是意味着诸多互不相同的主体对自由的运用,消极自由观念将免于国家的任意强制、免于国家的任意干涉视为个人之自由的核心;在消极自由观念的批评者看来,消极自由观念对自由的界定既缺少积极的因素,也过于忽视平等的价值,所以,其对自由的界定既是不合理的,也是无效的。事实上,无论就合理性层面还是就有效性层面而言,任何有关社会和政治理论的观念都很难得到充分的、成功的辩护。

The Concept of Negative Freedom in Dispute

From the perspective of negative freedom, there isn-t anything positive in freedom, which only means various entries- exertion over freedom. The theory of negative freedom takes the freedom from arbitrary state mandatory and interference as its core. While from the perspective of its critics, because of its lack of positive factors and ignorance of equal value, its definition of freedom is neither rational nor effective. As a matter of fact, whether from its rationality or effectiveness, any idea about social or political theory is hard to be successfully and sufficiently defended.