民族主义的裂变--以孙中山与苏俄关系为中心的分析

关于孙中山晚年民族主义的“苏俄转向”的解释,学界一直聚讼纷纭。本文通过对已经解密的档案的分析,认为这一转向乃是孙中山在寻求国家统一过程中,与国内各政治、军事的实力角逐的结果,也是选择在华国际的势力,尤其是在与苏俄的物质援助及意识形态输入之间博弈的结果,是孙中山对政治的纯技术化对待的产物。这一转向,预示着近代中国由传统的道德政治向现代的技术政治的转型,它将中国带入欧美霸权与苏俄霸权两极对抗的世界权力结构之中。孙中山晚年的民族主义在为中国奠定统一基础的同时,也使中国成为苏俄国际战略的牺牲品,民族主义与利害关系的亲缘由此得以充分体现,它所遗留的政治后果还有待进一步清理。

The Transition of Nationalism-- Centered on Relationship between Sun Yat- sen and Soviet Union

There is disagreement on Sun Yat- sen's nationalism transition and Soviet Union in academia. By study on the declassified documents, the author argues that this transition is the result of contending with domestic political and military forces in his pursuit of nation unification. It's also the result of choosing international parties, and of the material support, ideological input from Soviet Union. This transition predicts the change in modern China from traditional moral politics to modern technological politics. In Sun Yat- sen's late years, his nationalism has laid foundation for the unification, but also made China a victim of Soviet Union's international strategy.