延迟退休与投资收益对基本养老金替代率的影响

以养老金替代率为切入点,通过建立养老金个人账户和社会统筹替代率模型,测算不同退休年龄、投资收益率、缴费基数下的养老金替代率,研究发现我国目前的养老金替代率偏低,与目标替代率差距较大,但是延迟退休年龄、提高个人账户收益率、提高缴费档次对养老金替代率有正向作用。建议:尽快出台切实可行的渐进性延迟退休政策;提高个人账户基金收益率;建立完善缴费激励机制;注重保护弱势群体的利益;提高人们可支配收入,树立居民参保意识。

The Influence of Postponed Retirement and Investment Income on the Basic Pension Replacement Rate

Based on pension replacement rate, pension account, and social pooling replacement rate model, the paper estimates the pension replacement rates in case of different retirement ages, invest-ment income rates, and social insurance base. The result shows that at present we have a lower pen-sion replacement rate, far away from the target rate, and that postponing retirement age, increasing the income rate of personal account, and raising the payment level have positive affection on pension re-placement rate. It is suggested that we should make and implement a progressive retirement policy as soon as possible, and raise the income rate of personal security account, establish a perfect payment incentive system, protect the benefit of the weak group, raise the disposable income, and cultivate people”s awareness of insurance.