老年农民工的城市社会保障与权利诉求

调查表明,老年农民工的社会保障情况堪忧,且群体内部保障状况存在一定的差异。总体上医疗、养老等主要保障项目平均投保率不足60%,且大部分投保地在农村。其他如失业、工伤、大病统筹等平均投保率只有15%左右,老年农民工对各项社会保障的需求较为迫切。老年农民工的权利诉求呈现出理性化和实用主义的特征,对个人待遇和基本公共服务等权利的需求较为迫切,对政治权利的诉求相对不迫切,具有个人待遇诉求大于公共服务和政治权利诉求的结构性特征。除政治权利诉求受文化程度和未来定居场所影响存在差异外,个人待遇和公共服务等权利诉求具有稳定性,不存在明显群体差异。

Old Migrant Workers' Urban Social Insurance and Right Claim

According to our survey, old migrant workers are under scanty social insurance and with in-tragroup differences. Less than 60% of them have major social insurances, such as medical insurance and endowment insurance, and most of them insured in their home villages. Furthermore, only 15% of them have been insured by other social insurances, such as unemployment insurance and employment injury insurance. Old migrant workers have urgent need of social insurances. Their right claim is ra-tional and pragmatic, which means they need desperately social insurances and basic public services which are related to their interests, but barely seek for political rights. Their right claim is affected by the education they have received and the places they will settle in, while their claims for personal inter-ests and public service remain stable and have no intragroup difference.