基于多样性指数的云南省民族人口发展态势分析

文章基于1990、2000、2010年人口数据对云南省县域尺度的民族多样性指数及其变异指数、民族贡献率对云南省民族人口发展态势作了分析。在民族多样性层面上，云南省具有较高的民族多样性指数，在空间上呈现先由东北部向中部上升再向南、北部上升的趋势，反映了民族人口增长的“东北部-中部-南、北部”差异趋势；基于三个截面数据民族多样性变异指数的分析表明民族多样性指数变化与区域内原本的多样性指数基础有极强的关联，云南省民族多样性在总体上呈上升趋势的同时区域间民族多样性差距呈减小趋势，区域间民族人口差距缩小；基于民族多样性民族贡献率的分析表明汉族对民族多样性的贡献集中于东部、东北部、西部地区以及东南部局部地区，少数民族对民族多样性贡献率较高的区域呈现了多民族贡献率显著的特征，不同民族人口增长情况存在明显区域分异特征。

The Development of Ethnic Populations from the Perspective of Shannon-Wiener index at County Scale in Yunnan Province

This paper, based on the population data 1990, 2000 and 2010 of county level in Yunnan province, demonstrates the development of the ethnic populations by Shannon-Wiener index its variation index and contribution of ethnic population. The Shannon-Wiener index of ethnics in Yunnan province at county scale indicate the differences in regions, i.e. The lowest in the northeast, higher in the central, and the highest in the north and the south. The variation of Shannon-Wiener index since 1990 shows that changes in ethnic population diversity in Yunnan is shaped by the original ethnic population diversity, however, the overall provincial diversity of ethnic populations in Yunnan are keep increasing while the regional differences in ethnic diversity has been narrowed in the past two decades. The analysis of contribution to ethnic diversity shows that Han people increase the ethnic diversity in the east, the northeast, the west and some areas in the southeast of Yunnan province, while other ethnic minorities increases the ethnic diversity all together. The growth rate of various ethnic populations shows remarkable differences among regions.