人力资本、社会资本与工作转换①--基于城乡大学毕业生的比较研究

城乡大学毕业生在工作转换上的差异，一直以来广受关注却缺乏实证考察。研究表明：当前大学毕业生发生工作转换的比例并不高，城乡两类大学毕业生在工作转换上也不存在显著差异。总体而言，人力资本有利于大学毕业生的稳定就业，而工作年限与社会资本则会增加其工作转换的可能性。但更为细致的分析发现，与城镇家庭出生者相比，来自农村的大学毕业生的人力资本与社会资本均呈明显的劣势，且对其工作转换的影响较弱，他们工作转换后的回报也甚微，这意味着城乡差异与资本累积的不平等仍然存在。

Human Capital,Social Capital and Job Changing：A Comparative Study of on Job University Graduates from the Rural and Urban Area

The paper examines the job changing of the on-job college graduatesfrom urban and rural families and the effects of human capital and social capital in their job changing. The result shows that the current college graduates' job changing ratio is not high and there are no significant difference between the graduates from urban and rural families. Generally speaking,human capital benefits the job stability while social capital and year of working increase the chance of job changing. However, a detailed analysis finds that the human capital and social capital of the graduates from rural families are less than that of graduates from the urban families , and affects job changing less for the graduates from the rural families and the job changing of them gains less benefits return than the graduates from urban families. This means that the gap tween the urban and rural area bring about obvious inequalityin capital accumulation between the graduates from the urban and rural families.