光绪三年北方大旱的气候背景

光绪三年北方地区的大旱灾是清朝后期社会影响最严重的旱灾。大旱灾形成的原因，在于在全球性的特强ＥＮＳＯ事件影响下，亚洲地区的季风显著减弱。东亚季风的减弱，使季风雨带的推进过程和降水特征发生变异，这是北方大旱灾的气候背景。夏季风雨带北推比常年偏晚，而雨带在进入北方地区后，至少可以分辨出两条雨带，其南面一条出现于六月中旬，北面一条出现于在六月下旬。

Climatic Background of the Severe Drought in 1877

The severe drought in 1877 in northern China was one of the greatest droughts at the end of the 19th century, which had great impact on society. This paper examines the climatic background of the severe drought. Effected by the strong ENSO event, the monsoon rain weakened in Asia, and altered its course and rainfall feature. When the rain belt moved to northern China, at least two belts could be identified, the southern one occurring in mid June and the northern one in late June.