生成与重构:国家治理结构视阈下的居民委员会制度

城市社区设立居民委员会进行居民自治,是我国基本政治制度,即具有《宪法》的保障,也是发展基层民主的重要形式. 党的十八届三中全会明确提出"推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化",就是要"立治有体,施治有序". 结合居民委员会工作实践,不难得出其存在的诸多诟病:行政色彩过于浓重,党、政府、社会相关权力边界模糊以及基层治理结构缺乏科学性等. 因此,加快转变地方政府职能,优化中央地方关系,构建多元治理结构,鼓励社区治理创新,便成为当下亟需解决的重大课题.

Neighborhood Committee System under the National Governance Structure

It is the basic national policy that establishing the neighborhood committee in urban China, which is safeguarded by the Constitutional Law and also be the significant mode of developing grassroots auton-omy. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly points out that "promoting the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity" is to"establis-hing systematic governance and implementing orderly governance". Considering the working practices of neigh-borhood committee, it is not hard to find its'shortages:overloaded administrative procedures;vague distinc-tion of party, governmental and social powers; unscientific basic governance structure, etc. Therefore, it is the major urgent task at present to speed up transforming local government powers, strengthen ties between central and local governments, construct diverse governance structure and encourage community governing cre-ativity.