再论外空知识产权保护法律问题

外空活动私有化和商业化的趋势凸显了外空知识产权保护的重要性,外空知识产权保护法律制度的重构必须考虑外空法基本原则的要求。外空智力成果并不因其完成地点为无主权的外空而受到影响,各国可以根据本国知识产权法决定是否授予知识产权。但在确定外空智力成果知识产权客体范围及对外空知识产权进行限制时,应对现行知识产权法进行改造,以兼顾外空法基本原则的要求和鼓励外空科技创新的目的。类推船旗国法理论将登记国法适用于在该国登记的外空物体存在理论和实践的缺陷,在国内法和国际条约中直接予以规定不失为一种较好的协调方式,而“外空本身”的知识产权保护问题,则仍需通过国际条约予以解决。

A Further Research on Legal Issues of the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Outer Space

The tendency of privation and commercialization of outer space activities highlights the importance of the protection of outer space IPR. The principles of outer space law shall be taken into account when reconstructing legal regimes for outer space IPR. Each state shall make decisions on the granting of IPR to intellectual innovations according to its domestic law regardless of the places. However, when limiting the scope of the objects of outer space IPR and reshaping the restriction systems on outer space IPR, the requirements of those principles of outer space shall be considered together with the objectives of encouraging technical innovation. Applying the laws of ship-flag to those registered outer space objects lacks sound grounds in both theory and practice. It would be better by means of domestic laws or international treaties stating explicitly that IPR laws of the registry state shall be applied to the registered space objects. As for the protection of IPR occurring within the space itself, international treaty shall be the only solution.