反对统一性

威尔逊认为应该以大脑生物学为基准统一自然科学、社会科学和人文科学,其理由在于大脑生物学将为我们提供关于人类一切意识和行为的最终解释。但是,普特南通过对计算机硬件—软件关系和人的大脑—心灵关系之间的类比指出,硬件语言和软件语言作为两个不同的语言系统都有其各自的应用语境,文章由此出发论证了不同的人对同一种现实可以进行不同的理解和解释,自然科学和人文科学作为两种不同的文化形态有其各自的存在价值。因此,追求知识的统一是不必要的,而文化的多样性应受到保护。

Against Unity

Wilson maintains that natural sciences, social sciences and humanities should be unified on the basis of brain biology. It's because of the fact that brain biology offers us the final explanation about all the consciousness and behavior of mankind. However, Putnam pointed out that hardware language and software language have their own application linguistic context as two different language systems by drawing an analogy between the computer hardware and software as well as between people's brain and soul. From this point of view, Rorty proves that different people can understand the same reality differently, and meanwhile, natural sciences and the humanities have their own value of existence respectively as two kinds of different culture forms. Thus, it is unnecessary to pursue the unity of knowledge, while the cultural diversity should be protected.