宋代科举社会的形成--以明州庆元府为例

对南宋科举及第者进行区域分析,可以分为及第者数递减型、及第者数维持不变型和及第者数递增型三种类型,后者以浙东明州庆元府为代表.通过对南宋末期两名庆元府出身的科举官僚王应麟与黄震作个案考察,可以发现,在南宋后半期,庆元府经历了历史上少有的思想转化为学术的时期,地域学术和科举已经一体化,思想活动与应试学问和谐共存.这是庆元府及第者数递增模式形成的一个重要的地域社会背景.

The Formation of an Imperial Examination Society in the Song Dynasty--exemplified by Qingyuan Prefecture of Mingzhou

An area analysis on those who passed the imperial examinations in the Southern Song Dynasty can be divided into three types,one is that fewer and fewer examinees passed the examination,one is that the number of examinees who passed the examination remain the same,and one is that more and more examinees passed the examination.Qingyuan Prefecture of Mingzhou in East Zhejiang belonged to the last type.Through a case study of Wang Yingling and Huang Zhen,natives of Qingyuan Prefecture in the late Southern Song Dynasty and who were promoted after passing the imperial examinations,we find that in the latter period of the Southern Song Dynasty,Qingyuan Prefecture witnessed a time,seldom seen in history,of the transformation from thought into learning.The regional learning and imperial examinations got integrated.Ideological activities and examination-oriented learning were harmonized.That is an important regional and social background for the increasing number of successful candidates from Qingyuan Prefecture in the imperial examinations.