从社会行为学视域看译者的翻译行为及评价体系

译者作为个体的人和社会的人，同时具有生物属性和社会属性双重属性，为了满足个人需要和社会需要而进行翻译。因此，译者的翻译行为既具有泽者的个人特点，也反映了译者所处时代的社会需求。社会因素影响译者的翻译行为，对译者的选材、翻译策略、翻译目的等具有决定性作用，而泽者的个人心理行为也会通过翻译行为影响社会。所以评价译者的翻译行为要充分考虑以下三点：译作的可接受性及其影响力、译者生活的时代背景及要求、译者的行为是否符合道德标准。

On the Translator's Translation Action and Its Assessment System from the Perspective of Social Behaviorism

As an individual and a member of the society, a translator exemplifies the characteristics of an individual human being and features of the society. He/She translates out of his/her personal preference and the need of the society. Therefore, the translation action reflects not only his/her style but also the requirements from the public. The social factors can affect translation action in the aspects of selecting what and how to trans- late and the purpose of translating; meanwhile, the translator＇s psychological processes can affect the society through his/her translation action. Therefore, when assessing a translator＇s action, we need to consider the fol- lowing points ： the acceptability and influence of translated works, the background and requirement of the times he/she is in, and whether his/her behavior accords with the moral standards.