教育均衡视域下城乡学前教师资源配置研究

师资均衡配置是教育公平的核心。采用泰尔指数探究2006-2020年我国幼儿教育专任教师、专科及以上学历教师以及有职称教师资源在城乡的配置差异性状况及主要问题。结果表明我国专任和专科及以上学历幼儿教师资源配置差异性减小,专任数量和学历问题得到有效解决,组间贡献率是总体差异的主要来源,城乡间不公平问题仍存在;城乡有职称教师资源配置差异性增大,不公平问题严重,尤其是乡村内部和城乡间配置问题凸出。对此要从建立幼儿教师职称评选制度、转变乡村园所职业认知、完善城乡教师流动机制等方面缓解配置差异。

A Study on the Allocation of Urban and Rural Preschool Teacher Resourcesunder the Perspective of Educational Balance

Balanced allocation of teachers is the core of educational equity The Theil index was used to explore the diferences andmajor problems in the allocalion of resources belween urban and rural areas lor full-time leachers of carly childhood education.teacherwith junior college depree or above, and teachers with prolessional titles in China from 2006 to 2020. The results show that the disparitin resource allocation between full-time teachers and preschool teachers with college degree or above decreases, the problem of thrnumber of full-time teachers and their education background is effectively solved, the contribution rate between groups is the mainrsource of the overall disparity, and the inequality between urban and rural areas still exists. The resource allocation of professionalteachers in urban and rural areas is different, and the problem of iequality is serious, especially in rural areas and between urban anrural areas. In this regard, the allocation disparity should he alleviated from the following aspects: establishing the professional titlselection system for preschool teachers,transforming the career perception of rural kindergartens, and improving the mechanism for thflow of urhan and rural teachers.