超越自我的三种力量——论陶渊明的自我实现

马斯洛提出了人的五种基本需要和自我实现理论。一般来说这五种需要是逐次完成的，但陶渊明却能在中级需要甚至低级需要都没有充分满足的情况下，完成了自我实现。个中原因，是因为诗人智慧力量、道德力量、意志力量这三种人格要素的强大，从而使他具备了常人所不具备“挫折超越力”。文章运用现代人格心理学理论，对陶渊明的自我实现进行分析和阐释。

Three Powers to Surpass Oneself

Abraham Harold Maslow advanced the theory of 5 basic human needs and self-realization. Generally speaking, the 5 needs were to be accomplished successively. But Tao Yuanming accomplished his self-realization without fully satisfying the intermediate even the lower needs, the reason of which lay in the powerfulness of his 3 personality essentials of the power of wisdom, moral power and the power of will, all of which made him possess the power to surpass frustrations, a power that ordinary people were void of. The present article analyses and deals with Tao＇ s self-realization in the light of the theory of modern personality psychology.