汉语词义引申中的体用类型及其相关问题

体用类型是指由名词引申出动词或形容词,这是汉语词义引申中最为常见的一种类型。过去未能揭示出这种类型,是它被概括在其它类型之中。它的提出,得到当代语言哲学的研究成果与传统词义研究理论的启发。汉语词义引申中的体用类型与中国传统哲学中的体用范畴既相联系又相区别。流行的"词类活用"说其"本用"与"活用"的关系很大部分都是建立在"体""用"的联系上。近20多年来,围绕汉语词义演变所作的理论研究,有一些是对词的非理性意义的关注,它们与汉语词义引申的理论不处在同一个平面。

Denominalization in Chinese and Related Issues

Denominalization refers to the conversion of nouns to verbs or adjectives and is a common type of semantic extension in Chinese,which was not discovered in the past as it had been discussed under other types of extension.Its discovery is inspired by research in both modern linguistic philosophy and traditional semantic studies.Denominalization in Chinese is related to but also different from the "substance" and "use" in traditional Chinese philosophy.To a great extent,the current theory of "alternative use of parts of speech" is based on the relationship between "substance" and "use".In the past 20 years,some of the theoretical studies of Chinese semantics paid attention to the irrational meanings of words,which are not on the same level as the theory of semantic extension.