日本与英、德国家邮政事业民营化改革比较及启示

欧洲债务危机成为当今牵动世界经济的重要事件,其根源主要在于一些国家政府过度举债、制度缺陷等问题的累积效应。但是同样在欧洲的英国和德国却长期保持着经济的稳定增长,债务状况良好,这一现实与英德两国政府战后长期致力于制度改革不无关系,其中包括对国有事业及早实施的民营化改革,以减少政府过度负担等举措。在亚洲,日本虽然财政赤字问题凸显,但政府也在采取措施积极治理,其中推动的邮政事业民营化就是其重要一环。日本、英国、德国三国的国家邮政事业民营化改革进程对市场经济体制下政府制度性改革的作用具有积极明示效应,而且对目前汲取欧债危机教训和我国正在推进的国家邮政事业改革也具借鉴意义。

A Comparison of the Privatization Reform of Postal Services in Japan,UK and Germany and Its Implications for China

European debt crisis has been a focus of attention all over the world with its tremendous potential consequences on world economy.The root of the crisis is the cumulative effects of excessive borrowing and defective institutions.However,both being European countries,the UK and Germany have achieved sustained economic growth with sound debt levels.The success of UK and Germany is to some extent due to their long term efforts in institutional reforms after World War II,including the privatization of stateowned enterprises,to reduce the governments’ fiscal burden.In Asia,Japan is faced with prominent fiscal deficit and has taken measures to reduce it.One of the key measures is to promote the privatization of postal services.In conclusion,the privatization reform of postal services in Japan,UK and Germany has implications not only for important role of government in institutional reforms for market economies,but also for learning from European debt crisis and pushing forward the ongoing privatization reform of postal services in China.