论检察机关客观追诉原则及其实现

检察机关客观追诉原则有深厚的理论基础,大多数国家在刑事立法上都予以了明确体现,但在司法实践中却有着诸多与其相背离之处。导致这种差距的原因有检察官自我行为合理化的需求、检察机关与侦查机关协作关系的保持以及外部压力等。由于不同的宪政体制下的检察机关定位不同,保障这种客观追诉原则的措施是不一样的。在其他大多数国家,由于检察机关的行政机关的定位,主要通过提高检察权的独立性与司法制约来实现。在中国,关键在于赋予检察机关和检察官应有的独立性、在检察权行使过程中适当引入外部制约机制、设立庭审前证据开示制度等。

Principle of the Procuratorate's Objective Prosecution and It's Realization

The principle of the procuratorate' objective prosecution has profound theoretic foundations,which is definitely embodied in most country's criminal legislations,but there are many deviations in justice practice.The causes that lead to the deviations involve the need of the procurator' rationalization of their actions,the maintenance of cooperation between the procuratorate,and the investigator and the exterior pressures.According to the different orientation of the procuratorate under different constitutionalism,the measures which safeguard the principle of the procuratorate' objective prosecution are different.In most countries,because of the administrative orientation,the primary measures involve enhancing the independence of the procuratorate and judicial restriction.In China,the key involves endowing the procuratorate and the procurators with just independency,introducing appropriate external restricting mechanisms into the exertion of prosecution power and establishing pre-trial discovery of evidences.